EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY GOMPHRENA CELOSIOIDES LEAF EXTRACT BY USING SCAVENGING METHODS

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia, also known as dyslipidemia, is a condition characterized by elevated levels of lipids (fats) in the blood, including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, or both, and/or low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. It is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. Although synthetic and semisynthetic drugs are available, they often produce undesirable side effects, and some newer drugs are expensive, leading to increased interest in traditional medicinal plants as alternative therapeutic agents. Antioxidant activity and anti-hyperlipidemic activity are interconnected, with antioxidant activity contributing to anti-hyperlipidemic effects by reducing oxidative stress, enhancing lipid metabolism enzymes, and inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediators. Gomphrena Celosoides, a plant with a rich history of traditional use, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and nephroprotective properties. This study evaluated the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Gomphrena Celosoides leaf using hydrogen peroxide and DPPH scavenging methods. The extract was tested in vitro at concentrations of 500, 250, 100, 50, and 10 µg/mL, with ascorbic acid as a standard. Maximum inhibition for hydrogen peroxide scavenging and DPPH scavenging was 79.55% and 71.77% at 500 µg/mL, with IC₅₀ values of 48.61 µg/mL and 98.94 µg/mL, respectively. Although less potent than ascorbic acid, the ethanolic extract of Gomphrena celosoides showed antioxidant activity, suggesting potential anti-hyperlipidemic effects, and warranting further exploration of its phytochemical, anti-hyperlipidemic activities to understand its therapeutic potential.